Cold-formed steel (CFS) is a typical green building material with the merits of being low-cost, lightweight, high-strength, and recyclable. CFS built-up section beams are widely used in CFS frames owing to their outstanding mechanical properties. However, a simplified and accurate method for calculating the flexural moment capacity of multi-limb built-up beams is missing in specifications. In this study, the flexural behaviors of CFS four-limb built-up beams with closed and open sections are investigated via experiments and finite element (FE) modeling. Firstly, the flexural moment capaciti
Drinking water containing a high amount of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) is not effectively removed by conventional treatment processes and can cause eutrophication. In this research, a composite adsorbent based on chitosan crosslink with zeolite molecular sieve (CTS-ZMS) was prepared for NH4+-N removal through dynamic adsorption filter experiments. Effect of bed depth (30, 50 and 70 cm), flow rate (32, 49 and 65 mL/min), initial pH value (4.5, 6.5 and 8.5) and influent NH4+-N concentration (3, 5 and 7 mg/L) was examined by using a filter column packed with CTS-ZMS particles. The Thomas model
Aiming at the fault diagnosis accuracy of rolling bearings is not high enough, and unknown faults cannot be correctly identified. A priority elimination (PE) method is proposed in this paper. First, the priority diagnosis sequence of faults was determined by comparing the ratios of the inter-class distance to the intra-class distance for all faults. Then, the model training and fault diagnosis were carried out in order of the priority sequence, and the samples of the fault that had been identified were eliminated from the data set until all faults were diagnosed. For the diagnosis model, th
Steel formworks are widely used in prefabricated buildings thanks to their good characteristics. With the rapid development of engineering construction in China, steel formwork concrete structures, characterized by convenient construction, good seismic performance, and high strength, are expected to be more extensively applied in engineering practice. However, the bearing capacity of different forms of steel formwork concrete is still unclear. Two prefabricated columns with different internal diaphragm styles were set up for axial compression tests to investigate the performance of steel fo
The track smoothness of high-speed railroads is severely limited to ensure train performance. The concrete continuous girder bridge is deformed to influence the smoothness of the bridge decks and track caused by creep bulge. There is a need to research the impact of beam creep on the dynamical response of bridge and train operation safety. This paper used Midas software to calculate the long-term deformation of large-span prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges under concrete creep and shrinkage. The train-bridge coupled system was established by adopting self-programming software. The